Nutritional rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: include medications recommended by a doctor, physiotherapy and a healthy lifestyle.The main role in the treatment of pathology is given to dietary nutrition - a diet for gastritis can alleviate unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

Diet is a special diet.It includes foods, dishes and drinks that spare the gastric mucosa and are able to adjust the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet led to pathologies of the stomach wall and is manifested with a low degree of intensity, a balanced diet is sufficient to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of permitted and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves adherence to important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute phase of the disease.Some doctors recommend completely abstaining from food in the first hours of an exacerbation, scheduling a fasting day.Fresh, weak tea and still mineral water are permitted.This approach will allow the stomach to “rest” from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and boiled eggs.
• You need to eat fractionally - in small portions throughout the day.The ideal regimen is 5-6 meals every 3-4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of “approaches” and take long breaks between them.You should also not eat at night – your last meal should be 3 hours before bed.
• You should drink liquids (tea, juices, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juice, thus complicating digestion.You can drink a glass of still water before meals.
• If possible, eat foods without salt and try to cook foods without salt.
• Single-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, in which several products are not mixed at the same time.Food should be simple and healthy so that the stomach does not become overloaded.
• When eating, you need to chew each bite and each spoon thoroughly - the food will already be pre-processed in the oral cavity and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• There is a strict ban on dry food and snacks to go or in a hurry.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• The temperature of the food must be comfortable;Hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is best to prepare food for gastritis for no more than 2 days.If food is stored for longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Prepared meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and reheated to a pleasant temperature before eating.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from trusted stores.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe poisoning can also be added to gastritis.
• Give preference to products without preservatives, dyes, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not abandon physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga help speed up the digestion of food.In addition, special attention should be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including for inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The diet for acute illnesses has many restrictions, but the list of products is usually extensive.

Porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, needs to start the day with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, provide the body with energy and microelements and, due to their fiber content, improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Rolled oats are dish number 1 on the list of foods allowed for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and inflammation.Oatmeal is consumed as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, permitted fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a viscous consistency, promotes the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Millet.Corn porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is best to take it in small quantities, and if you have hyperacid gastritis, you should avoid it.
• Rice is a delicate grain that, after cooking, forms mucus that coats the walls of the stomach.Porridge made from rice puree can be consumed during exacerbations of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the illness is accompanied by constipation, do not eat rice.
• Barley porridge coats the gastric mucosa well.But you need to prepare it correctly - boil it in water, waiting for the cereal to boil completely, maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat cooked in the form of milk soup is healthy;It is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission phase of the disease, as hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and has a viscous consistency.

First courses for gastritis

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in weak broth.Bones, fatty meats and seasonings are not used in cooking.The soup ingredients must be chopped very finely, preferably pureed.To thicken the dish, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereals, with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are viscous.

What to eat for the first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Viscous rice soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Low-fat fish soup from perch with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht with meat broth - beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

Using your imagination and combining the types of foods allowed for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of soups - tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat for gastritis

Fish is considered the main supplier of proteins to the body;Furthermore, its meat is digested quickly and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore damaged gastric epithelium and act as antioxidants.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and how it is prepared.It is allowed to eat only low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, hake, pike, navaga, sea lime and flounder.The product should only be consumed after heat treatment, except frying.Fish can be steamed or cooked in a slow cooker, eaten boiled, or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés, and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited for gastritis, but in the remission phase it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm your stomach.

Meat is a heavy product that is difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes in moderation help restore the gastric mucosa due to the supply of proteins.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But with one condition: the product must be low in fat and not fried.It is best to boil or steam meat before eating;During the remission stage, you can eat roast meat products.It is better to grind the meat into minced meat - this way it is digested faster - and use it to make cutlets, meatballs, zraz, quenelles and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to handle the dish.

Vegetables

Raw vegetables can only be consumed during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary to record the body's reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fiber that irritates the stomach walls.They need to be boiled or stewed.

What can you eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables – pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, peppers, peas and young onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, turnip and potato.

Green vegetables should be limited for gastritis with high acidity.Outside of exacerbation of the pathology, you can eat peeled and grated cucumbers.Vegetables can be used not only to prepare soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, stews and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons

List of “fruits” of what you can and cannot eat with gastritis,includes the following fruits:

• Apples.For any acidity in the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat them without skin and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.A universal product for any form of gastritis.However, in the acute phase, you should not eat more than one banana per day: half in the morning and at night.Only fruits with a light yellow skin are suitable for food - unripe and overripe bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pears.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize intestinal function and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only those fruits that are sold until the end of August are suitable for food - they have less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat it in moderate quantities and ground;It is especially useful for reducing stomach acidity.Berries make up for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for any type of stomach pathology.

All fresh fruits and berries contain acid, which can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better for them to undergo heat treatment before being included in the diet.

You can make delicious fruit juices, jellies and compotes from berries, bake pears and apples.There is an exception for pathologies with insufficient secretion - such patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and raw fruits.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat fruits separately from the first and second courses.

Dairy and eggs

Dairy products must be included in the diet for gastritis.Whole milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderation - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is best to add it to tea, cereals and soups.Goat's milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare casseroles, oven-baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just wipe it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard cheeses – soft and unsalted.Allowed products include low-fat fermented milk and sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make omelet, steamed, boiled but not boiled and not more than one egg per day.

Flour and sweets

Biscuits and stale white bread have a good effect on the gastric mucosa.Rusks can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, you can add sugar-free cookies, chocolate-free cookies or sugar-free rolls to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• Dear;
• Semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit compote;
• Curd soufflé;
• Natural fruit jelly;
• Non-acidic dried fruits soaked in warm water.

Drinks

For gastritis, the following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed: sweet apple, cherry, pear, peach, cabbage, tomato and potato.Juices should be diluted in cold water and drunk warm.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water and jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet for inflammation involves avoiding foods that irritate the stomach walls, complicate digestion, and cause excessive fermentation.For any form of gastritis, the following are prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All strong fatty broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• Fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and sausages;
• Fatty fish, including canned fish;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Glazed cheese curds;
• Sour cream and high-fat cream;
• Ice cream;
• Cakes and sweets;
• Grapes and juice from them;
• Cabbage;
• Turnips and radishes;
• Onion;
• All types of mushrooms;
• Legumes;
• Swedish;
• Canned and pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – filtered and instant;
• Strong tea;
• Soda and bread kvass;
• Chocolates and chocolate candies;
• Drinks with chicory;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and spicy spices;
• All kinds of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• Lard;
• Margarine, shortening and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is essential to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and the secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet #1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its purpose is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy foods, “juices”, smoked foods and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without a crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Buttery pastries, puff pastries;
• Porridges made from millet, millet, egg, barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, green, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• Fried and boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems and improving the condition of the stomach.

Diet #2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by a reduction in the secretory function of the stomach.The purpose of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time protect the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult and time-consuming to digest, are prohibited.Foods with a variety of chopped ingredients and different preparation methods are allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are presented grated.

What not to do with gastritis with low acidity:

• Barley, millet, millet and barley porridge – limited;
• Soups with milk;
• Pea and bean first courses;
• Hard and fibrous meat and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, ungrated vegetables;
• Coarse varieties of raw berries and fruits;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, high-acid dairy products - limited;
• Boiled eggs.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause exacerbation of pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You should be patient, reconsider your lifestyle and pay more attention to your health.